According to the International Federation of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC), thermal analysis refers to a series of techniques that measure the physical properties of a substance as a function of temperature under a controlled temperature program.
Thermal analysis helps to determine physical and chemical properties and transformations, such as glass transition (Tg), melting point (Tm), evaporation, crystallization, phase transition, decomposition, coefficient of thermal expansion, size change, elastic modulus (G '), loss modulus (G' '), damping factor (tan delta), reaction enthalpy and kinetics, influence of additives, composition, thermal stability, softening temperature, and curing reaction.
Thermal analysis consists of a series of supplementary techniques. The choice of technology depends on the material properties being studied. These technologies are:
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC): measures the heat flux of incoming and outgoing samples.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA): measuring changes in mass.
Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA): Measure the change in sample length.